SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATIONS OF CULTURAL VALUES IN NIAS FOLKLORE: AN ETHNOPEDAGOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This study examines the symbolic representation of cultural values in Nias folktales from an ethnopedagogical perspective. It aims to identify and interpret cultural symbols embedded in folktales and to explore their pedagogical functions within the oral tradition of the Nias community. This research employs a qualitative approach with an ethnographic design and content analysis method. The data were derived from three selected Nias folktales, namely Ono Namada Rajo Si Da Siŵa, Rajo Same Amania ba Lubo Danӧ, and Tuhenöri Same Ononia Khö Si Lumana, collected through interviews with folklore informants in Fanayama District, South Nias. The findings reveal that Nias folktales embody various cultural values through symbolic representations. Gold symbolizes social honor, a small bird represents self-control, a pit in the ground signifies intergenerational relational conflict, and a watermelon symbolizes wisdom and intellectual challenge. Furthermore, the transformation from the inscription “My Greatness” to “God’s Power” reflects religious awareness and humility. Fishing nets and coastal huts symbolize hard work and simplicity. These symbols function not only as narrative elements but also as vehicles for transmitting moral, social, and spiritual values. From an ethnopedagogical perspective, Nias folktales serve as a cultural educational medium that preserves and transmits local wisdom across generations. This study highlights the relevance of folktales as a culturally grounded learning resource in the context of globalization.